New Leopard 2A4
Posted: Thu Jun 02, 2016 9:53 pm
I love modern German kit so this one intrigues me. Since GHQ already makes an excellent Leo 2 I'm curious what they are changing. I took a look through my resources and the designation changes between A0, A1, A2, A3, and A4 are all due to internal changes. These wouldn't be noticeable at this scale really. There are minor external changes that occurred between production batches that would be visible but these didn't coincide with designator changes.
For any interested here's a short primer from Leopard 2 Main Battle Tank Development and German Army Service Note, there is a companion book which deals with International service. Basically the Leopard 2 was produced in eight batches.
1st Batch Leo 2A0 380 produced (Oct79 - Mar82) No Thermal Imager (TI) [200 fitted with PZB 200 image intensifier]
2nd Batch Leo 2A1 450 produced (Mar82 - Nov83) TI now included, designator changed.
3rd Batch Leo 2A1 300 produced (Nov83 - Oct84)
[Note: During Batches 2&3 all Leo 2A0 were brought up to Leo 2A1 standards by installing TI. These tanks had an interim designation of Leo 2A2]
4th Batch Leo 2A3 300 produced (Dec84 - Dec85) Leo 2A1/2 standard plus new SEM 80/90 radios, designator changed.
[Note: Batch 4 vehicles, and later batches, came off the assembly line in NATO 3 color paint scheme]
5th Batch Leo 2A4 370 produced (Dec85 - Mar87) Leo 2A3 standard plus digital ballistic fire control, designator changed.
[Note: By the end of '87 all previous Leo 2 version had the digital FC installed effectively making the entire fleet Leo 2A4s]
6th Batch Leo 2A4 150 produced (Jan88 - May89)
7th Batch Leo 2A4 100 produced (May89 - Apr90)
8th Batch Leo 2A4 75 produced (Jan91 - Mar92)
As I mentioned there were some external changes between batches but they were not tied to the designator changes.
Between Batches 1 and 2 the commander's periscope was raised 5cm.
Between Batches 1 and 2 the length and attachment of the tow ropes changed.
Between Batches 2 and 3 the exhaust grill changed.
Between Batches 1 and 3 various hatches, tank caps and covers were changed or deleted.
Between Batches 4 and 5 the ammunition loading hatch on the side of the turret was deleted late in 5th batch production run. Older batches had theirs welded shut.
Between Batches 5 and 6 the "heavy" part of the side skirts were changed.
Between Batches 7 and 8 the "light" part of the side skirts were changed.
These changes would also be back-fitted to earlier versions as time and money allowed. When Leo 2A4 hulls and turrets started to undergo modification to Leo 2A5 there was often a mismatch of turrets and hulls of different batches left behind.
So, after all that what version of the Leopard 2 does GHQ already make?
Working backwards through time it has the old style side skirts so it is pre-Batch 6.
It has an ammunition loading hatch which marks it as pre-Batch 5.
It is hard to be certain but the exhaust grills look like the old style which would make it pre-Batch 3.
The engine deck filler cap arrangement, tow ropes, upper glacis plate, and commander's periscope all look like they have pre-Batch 2 features.
My assessment is that the current Leopard 2 model is in fact a Leopard 2A0.
For any interested here's a short primer from Leopard 2 Main Battle Tank Development and German Army Service Note, there is a companion book which deals with International service. Basically the Leopard 2 was produced in eight batches.
1st Batch Leo 2A0 380 produced (Oct79 - Mar82) No Thermal Imager (TI) [200 fitted with PZB 200 image intensifier]
2nd Batch Leo 2A1 450 produced (Mar82 - Nov83) TI now included, designator changed.
3rd Batch Leo 2A1 300 produced (Nov83 - Oct84)
[Note: During Batches 2&3 all Leo 2A0 were brought up to Leo 2A1 standards by installing TI. These tanks had an interim designation of Leo 2A2]
4th Batch Leo 2A3 300 produced (Dec84 - Dec85) Leo 2A1/2 standard plus new SEM 80/90 radios, designator changed.
[Note: Batch 4 vehicles, and later batches, came off the assembly line in NATO 3 color paint scheme]
5th Batch Leo 2A4 370 produced (Dec85 - Mar87) Leo 2A3 standard plus digital ballistic fire control, designator changed.
[Note: By the end of '87 all previous Leo 2 version had the digital FC installed effectively making the entire fleet Leo 2A4s]
6th Batch Leo 2A4 150 produced (Jan88 - May89)
7th Batch Leo 2A4 100 produced (May89 - Apr90)
8th Batch Leo 2A4 75 produced (Jan91 - Mar92)
As I mentioned there were some external changes between batches but they were not tied to the designator changes.
Between Batches 1 and 2 the commander's periscope was raised 5cm.
Between Batches 1 and 2 the length and attachment of the tow ropes changed.
Between Batches 2 and 3 the exhaust grill changed.
Between Batches 1 and 3 various hatches, tank caps and covers were changed or deleted.
Between Batches 4 and 5 the ammunition loading hatch on the side of the turret was deleted late in 5th batch production run. Older batches had theirs welded shut.
Between Batches 5 and 6 the "heavy" part of the side skirts were changed.
Between Batches 7 and 8 the "light" part of the side skirts were changed.
These changes would also be back-fitted to earlier versions as time and money allowed. When Leo 2A4 hulls and turrets started to undergo modification to Leo 2A5 there was often a mismatch of turrets and hulls of different batches left behind.
So, after all that what version of the Leopard 2 does GHQ already make?
Working backwards through time it has the old style side skirts so it is pre-Batch 6.
It has an ammunition loading hatch which marks it as pre-Batch 5.
It is hard to be certain but the exhaust grills look like the old style which would make it pre-Batch 3.
The engine deck filler cap arrangement, tow ropes, upper glacis plate, and commander's periscope all look like they have pre-Batch 2 features.
My assessment is that the current Leopard 2 model is in fact a Leopard 2A0.